Nature

Adaptive tuning of fractional order PID controllers for nonlinear processes using hybrid PSO DQN reinforcement learning

This study presents an innovative adaptive non-linear fractional-order PID (FOPID) tuning methodology for a flow meter controller in a desalination plant, integrating a hybrid Particle Swarm ...
Nature

Enhanced PID controller tuning for nonlinear continuous stirred-tank heaters using a modified Newton-Raphson optimizer with random opposition and Lévy-flight learning

Accurate temperature regulation in continuous stirred-tank heater (CSTH) systems is vital in chemical and thermal process industries, where deviations can cause energy inefficiencies, product quality ...